Psychology Questions

  

4.2 What are cultural considerations when working with clients in the substance use disorder field? What first steps might you take with these clients? Explain the rationale for your choices in your response.

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standards:

2.F.2.b. Theories and models of multicultural counseling, cultural identity development, and social justice and advocacy.

2.F.7.b. Methods of effectively preparing for and conducting initial assessment meetings.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one’s personal, professional, and cultural life.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

5.1 What are the dominant cultural features found within Native American homes, and how do Native Americans shape their response to the broader American society?

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standards:

2.F.2.a. Multicultural and pluralistic characteristics within and among diverse groups nationally and internationally.

2.F.2.b. Theories and models of multicultural counseling, cultural identity development, and social justice and advocacy.

2.F.2.c. Multicultural counseling competencies.

2.F.2.d. The impact of heritage, attitudes, beliefs, understandings, and acculturative experiences on an individual’s views of others.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one’s personal, professional, and cultural life.

102) Sensitize others to issues of cultural identity, ethnic background, age, and gender role or identity in prevention, treatment, and recovery.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

5.2 How is substance use viewed in the Hispanic/Latino culture? 

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standards:

2.F.2.a. Multicultural and pluralistic characteristics within and among diverse groups nationally and internationally.

2.F.2.b. Theories and models of multicultural counseling, cultural identity development, and social justice and advocacy.

2.F.2.c. Multicultural counseling competencies.

2.F.2.d. The impact of heritage, attitudes, beliefs, understandings, and acculturative experiences on an individual’s views of others.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one’s personal, professional, and cultural life.

102) Sensitize others to issues of cultural identity, ethnic background, age, and gender role or identity in prevention, treatment, and recovery.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

6.1 How do early personal experiences influence the positive or negative ethnic identity of persons of color? Can you think of a best example? Provide a scholarly reference to support your response.

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standards:

2.F.2.d. The impact of heritage, attitudes, beliefs, understandings, and acculturative experiences on an individual’s views of others.

2.F.2.f. Help-seeking behaviors of diverse clients.

2.F.2.g. The impact of spiritual beliefs on clients’ and counselors’ worldviews.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one’s personal, professional, and cultural life.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

6.2 What healthy family and community support conditions are associated with increased self-efficacy and self-esteem in children of color who face racism? Provide at least one scholarly reference to support your response.

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standards:

2.F.2.d. The impact of heritage, attitudes, beliefs, understandings, and acculturative experiences on an individual’s views of others.

2.F.2.h. Strategies for identifying and eliminating barriers, prejudices, and processes of intentional and unintentional oppression and discrimination.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one’s personal, professional, and cultural life.

85) Adapt counseling strategies to the individual characteristics of the client, including (but not limited to): disability, gender, sexual orientation, developmental level, acculturation, ethnicity, age, and health status.

102) Sensitize others to issues of cultural identity, ethnic background, age, and gender role or identity in prevention, treatment, and recovery.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

121) Conduct culturally appropriate self-evaluations of professional performance, applying ethical, legal, and professional standards to enhance self-awareness and performance.

7.1 How do racial, social, political, and religious attitudes affect the counselor’s perception and treatment of clients? How could the Christian worldview/chosen religious beliefs help with providing treatment to diverse populations?

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standards:

2.F.2.b. Theories and models of multicultural counseling, cultural identity development, and social justice and advocacy.

2.F.8.i. Analysis and use of data in counseling.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one’s personal, professional, and cultural life.

102) Sensitize others to issues of cultural identity, ethnic background, age, and gender role or identity in prevention, treatment, and recovery.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

121) Conduct culturally appropriate self-evaluations of professional performance, applying ethical, legal, and professional standards to enhance self-awareness and performance.

7.2 Explain how mental health and addiction therapy are viewed in various cultures. Give at least two examples.

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standards:

2.F.2.b. Theories and models of multicultural counseling, cultural identity development, and social justice and advocacy.

2.F.8.i. Analysis and use of data in counseling.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one’s personal, professional, and cultural life.

85) Adapt counseling strategies to the individual characteristics of the client, including (but not limited to): disability, gender, sexual orientation, developmental level, acculturation, ethnicity, age, and health status.

102) Sensitize others to issues of cultural identity, ethnic background, age, and gender role or identity in prevention, treatment, and recovery.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

121) Conduct culturally appropriate self-evaluations of professional performance, applying ethical, legal, and professional standards to enhance self-awareness and performance.

8.1 How should a culturally competent counselor approach the processes of assessment and diagnosis when dealing with clients from minority populations? Support your answer with at least one scholarly reference.

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standard: 2.F.7.h. Reliability and validity in the use of assessments.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one’s personal, professional, and cultural life.

102) Sensitize others to issues of cultural identity, ethnic background, age, and gender role or identity in prevention, treatment, and recovery.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

8.2 Provide an example of cultural bias in counseling/psychological research and support your answer with at least one scholarly reference.

This discussion question meets the following CACREP Standard: 2.F.7.h. Reliability and validity in the use of assessments.

This discussion question meets the following NASAC Standards:

18) Understand diverse racial and ethnic cultures, including their distinct patterns of interpreting reality, world view, adaptation, and communication, and to incorporate the special needs of minority groups and the differently abled into clinical practice.

19) Understand the importance of self-awareness in one’s personal, professional, and cultural life.

102) Sensitize others to issues of cultural identity, ethnic background, age, and gender role or identity in prevention, treatment, and recovery.

119) Recognize the importance of individual differences by gaining knowledge about personality, cultures, lifestyles, and other factors influencing client behavior, and applying this knowledge to practice.

EACH QUESTION HAS TO BE ANSWERED WITH 150-200 WORDS AND MUST HAVE AT LEAST ONE SCHOLARLY REFERENCE IN EACH ANSWER. EACH ANSWER MUST ALSP PASS TURN-IT-IN WITH LESS THAN 5%

Psychology Questions

Questions:

1) Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development contains ___ stages
A.    4
B.    8
C.    6
D.    7

2) Which is the first of Piaget’s stages of cognitive development?
A.    preoperational stage
B.    sensorimotor stage
C.    concrete operations stage
D.    formal operations stage

3) An investigator shows a child two equal glasses of water and then pours the water from one glass into a glass of a different shape. The experimenter then asks the child whether the new glass has more or less water than the other one. What concept is the experimenter testing?
A.    conservation
B.    object permanence
C.    assimilation
D.    aquanautics

4) Nonspecific brain dysfunction that may erode an individual’s capacity to live independently is characteristic of
A.    Dementia
B.    Senility
C.    None of the above
D.    Inevitable for all humans who age

5) An irregularity or stoppage that disrupts otherwise normal speech is known as
A.    Spasms
B.    Disfluency
C.    Stuttering
D.    Babbling

6) The ______ genetic combination results in the development of a male fetus.
A.    YX
B.    YY
C.    XY
D.    XX

7) Dyslexia is least associated with
A.    Male gender
B.    Impaired spelling
C.    Aberrant eye movement patterns
D.    Female gender

8) According to Erikson, the principle conflict of old-age is
A.    generativity vs. stagnation
B.    identify vs. role confusion
C.    autonomy vs. shame and guilt
D.    ego integrity vs. despair

9) What skill is necessary in order to know that pouring water from a tall, skinny pitcher into a wide bowl does not change the amount of water that actually is in the containers?
A.    Object permanence
B.    Operation
C.    Conservation
D.    Accommodation

10) According to Piaget, a child who changes a schema to incorporate the novel features of a new object is said to _____ the schema.
A.    generalize
B.    conserve
C.    reverse
D.    accommodate

11) Teratogens include (but are not limited to)
A.    drugs, chemicals, and viruses
B.    older age in the mother and male gender in the developing organism
C.    drugs, chemicals, viruses, and behaviors
D.    drugs, chemicals, and behaviors

12) Which of the following terms is not associated with monozygotic twins
A.    nonidentical
B.    fraternal
C.    two eggs and two sperm
D.    none of the above are associated with monozygotic twins

13) The second period of prenatal development (about two to nine weeks after conception) is known as
A.    The embryonic stage
B.    The fetal stage
C.    The germinal stage
D.    The zygotic stage

14) Who most likely exhibits an authoritative parenting style?
A.    Brett, a cold and distant father who prohibits his son from doing anything fun.
B.    Sue, who has no idea who her son’s friends are and doesn’t set any rules.
C.    Rachel, a “cool” mom who is very affectionate and lets her kids do whatever they want.
D.    Dan, who enjoys spending time with his daughter but enforces appropriate rules.

15) Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development can best be described as
A.    a process whereby each new stage builds upon the previous one
B.    a process of distinct stages that have little to do with one another
C.    a process that ends with adolescence
D.    a pre-designed plan determined by one’s genetics

16) The third period of prenatal development (about 9 weeks until birth) is known as
A.    The fetal stage
B.    The embryonic stage
C.    The germinal stage
D.    The zygotic stage

17) Who was most strongly associated with the term scaffolding?
A.    Vygotsky
B.    Piaget
C.    Freud
D.    Erikson

18) Which of Erikson’s stages of development is most relevant to adolescence?
A.    Trust vs. mistrust
B.    Autonomy vs. shame and doubt
C.    Identity vs. role confusion
D.    Intimacy vs. isolation

19) Examples of secondary sex characteristics include all of the following except
A.    Facial hair in men; hip development in women
B.    Pubic hair
C.    Underarm hair
D.    Spermarche and menarche

20) When Bella was 7 months old she cried every time her mother left the room, fearing that her mom was never coming back. Now, at 19 months of age, Bella rarely fusses when her mother leaves the room; she knows that her mother will probably come back soon to take care of her. What is most likely responsible for this change in Bella’s behavior from 7 to 19 months of age?
A.    Her realization of object permanence
B.    Her graduation to the formal operational period of cognitive development
C.    Her graduation to the concrete operational period of cognitive development
D.    Her graduation to the preoperational period of cognitive development

21) Which of the following terms is not associated with dizygotic twins
A.    identical
B.    two eggs and two sperm
C.    fraternal
D.    all of the above are associated with dizygotic twins

22) The idea that learning is not passive but involves an attempt to understand the world around them is most firmly associated with the work of
A.    Piaget
B.    Erikson
C.    Freud
D.    Kohlberg

23) The process of absorbing experiences from one’s world around them and translating this experience into a pre-existing schema is known as
A.    Assimilation
B.    None of the above
C.    Accommodation
D.    Cognition

24) Michelle is an undisciplined selfish mother; she would rather read her books than tend to her children and she doesn’t care whether her children are happy. She often feels pressured to take care of them, and she rarely attends their sporting events or PTA meetings. What type of parenting style does Michelle display?
A.    Authoritative
B.    Authoritarian
C.    Permissive
D.    Uninvolved

25) The first period of prenatal development begins at the moment of conception and lasts for about two weeks, this stage is known as
A.    The embryonic stage
B.    The zygotic stage
C.    The fetal stage
D.    The germinal stage

Answers:

1) B. 8

2) B. sensorimotor stage

3) A. conservation

4) C. none of the above

5) C. Stuttering

6) C. XY

7) B. Impaired spelling

8) B. identify vs. role confusion

9) A. object performance

10) D. Accommodate

11) B. older age in the mother and male gender in the developing organism

12) D. none of the above are associated with monozygotic twins

13) D. The Germinal Stage

14) C. Rachel, a “cool” mom who is very affectionate and lets her kids do whatever they want.

15) A. a process whereby each new stage builds upon the previous one

16) B. The Embryonic stage

17) A. Vygotsky

18) C. Identity Vs. role confusion

19) A. Facial hair in men; hip development in women

20) C. Her graduation to the concrete operational period of cognitive development

21) D. all of the above are associated with dizygotic twins

22) A. Piaget

23) C. Accommodation

24) C. Permissive

25) A. The embryonic stage